Studies on effect of BypassAll on bypassing the rumen in Red Kandhari cattle
Dr. K.S. Kulkarni, Dr. R.M. Shinde and Dr. S. Y. Ahmed
College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Parbhani
1.0 Introduction
Ruminal anatomy is different from those of simple stomach animals. Rumen plays an important role in availability of orally given nutrients or drug effects.
Weight of rumen is about 1/7 to 1/10 th of total body weight. What ever the food / drug / water is administered orally 1st goes to rumen and then to reticulum. As the rumen is a big sac it affects the availability of orally administered nutrients or drugs where the ruminal contents leads to dilution and degradation.
Looking to this it is necessary to use the proper (higher) dose of orally administered drugs and this affects the treatment cost.
Moreover drugs may be degraded by ruminal microflora (eg: chloramphenicol) or the drugs may be harmful to the beneficial microbes (eg; tetracyclines, penicillin and sulfonamides) and thus affects the digestion of animal and also affects the availability of essential nutrients in animals.
Drugs administered directly into the ruminoreticulum are absorbed very slowly when compared with abomasal delivery thus require more time to act.
Oral administration of medicaments intended for the local intestinal effect (eg: purgatives, antidiarrhoeals, and some anthelmintics) should be administered with an appropriate media to avoid ruminoreticular dispersion, dilution and degradation .
Many valuable nutrients /nutraceuticals/drugs when orally administered gives slow / low effects than the desired. So, now a days use of rumen protected / bypass products is a common way for better results.
But looking to the cost of such products it goes beyond the capacity of poor farmer.
Looking to these present research is planned to study the effect of Bypass All product (AS Nutrisol, Bulandshahar, Uttar Pradesh, India) on bypassing the rumen in Red Kandhari cattle.
2.0 Materials & Methods
Sixteen adult clinically healthy Red Kandhari cattle of both the sex with average age of 60 months were selected for the present trials.
Blood samples from all the animals were collected and analysed for quantitative presence of Copper, Cobalt, Zinc, Magnesium, Ferrous.
Animals then divided in to two groups each comprising of 8 animals ( 4 male and 4 female). Group I animals served as control group and treated with TraceMi one bolus where no BypassAll was administered.
Group II animals were treated with BypassAll at the dose rate of 2 boli 5-10 minutes prier to the feeding of TraceMi. The TraceMi was administered at the dose rate of one bolus per day. The dosing was repeated for 7 consecutive days.
On day 8th the blood samples from all the control as well as treatment group animals were collected and analysed for the quantitative presence of Copper, Cobalt, Zinc, Magnesium, Ferrous. The specific parameters were selected based on the contents of the product TraceMi bolus.
The results obtained were statistically analysed, interpreted and discussed.
3.0 Results & Discussion :
3.1 Blood Copper level :
Table 1 summarises the mean blood copper level in the experimental
animals.
The blood copper level in control and treatment group on day ‘0’ of the
experiment was observed to be 0.20 ± 0.01 and0.19 ± 0.02 PPM respectively.
Blood copper level in control group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be slightly elevated when compared with its day ‘0’ value but the difference observed is not statistically significant and the values were observed to be 0.21 ± 0.01 PPM on day 8th against 0.20 ± 0.01 PPM on day ‘0’ of the experiment.
However the blood copper values in treatment group were observed to be on 0.23 ± 0.01 PPM On day 8th against 0.19 ± 0.02 PPM on day ‘0’ of the
experiment. The statistically significant rise was observed on day 8th of the
experiment when compared with its day ‘0’ value and day 8th value of control group animals.
Table 1 Copper level (PPM) in blood samples of cow.
| Group | Copper level (PPM) on day ‘o’ of the experiment | Copper level (PPM) on day ‘8th’ of the experiment | % increase |
| Group I | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 5.00 |
| Group II | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.23 ± 0.01a | 21.05m |
‘a’ represents the significant difference within the column (p<0.05),
‘m’ represents the significant difference within the rows (p<0.05.
The increase in the copper absorption in treatment group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be 21.05 per cent as against the elevation of copper by 5.00 per cent in control group animals.
The increase in copper level was observed to be statistically significant indicating the positive effect of BypassAll.
3.2 Blood Cobalt level :
Table 2 summarises the mean blood cobalt level in the experimental
animals.
The blood cobalt level in control and treatment group on day ‘0’ of the
experiment was observed to be 0.44 ± 0.01 and0.43 ± 0.01 PPM respectively.
Blood cobalt level in control group animals on day 8th of the
experiment was observed to be slightly elevated when compared with its day ‘0’ value but the difference observed is not statistically significant and the values were observed to be 0.45 ± 0.01 PPM on day 8th against 0.44 ± 0.01 PPM on day ‘0’ of the experiment.
However the blood cobalt values in treatment group were observed to be 0.23 ± 0.01 PPM On day 8th against 0.19 ± 0.02 on day ‘0’ of the experiment. The statistically significant rise was observed on day 8th of the experiment when compared with its day ‘0’ value and day 8th value of control group animals.
Table 2 Cobalt level (PPM) in blood samples of cow.
| Group | Cobalt level (PPM) on day ‘o’ of the experiment | Cobalt level (PPM) on day ‘8th’ of the experiment | % Increase |
| Group I | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 2.27 |
| Group II | 0.43 ± 0.01 | 0.48 ± 0.02a | 11.62m |
‘a’ represents the significant difference within the column (p<0.05),
‘m’ represents the significant difference within the rows (p<0.05.
The increase in the Cobalt absorption in treatment group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be 11.62 per cent as against the elevation of Cobalt by 2.27 per cent in control group animals.
The increase in Cobalt level was observed to be statistically significant indicating the positive effect of BypassAll.
3.3 Blood Zinc level :
Table 3 summarises the mean blood Zinc level in the experimental animals.
The blood Zinc level in control and treatment group on day ‘0’ of the
experiment was observed to be 1.89 ± 0.10 PPM and 1.90 ± 0.11 PPM respectively.
Blood Zinc level in control group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be slightly elevated when compared with its day ‘0’ value but the difference observed is not statistically significant and the values were observed to be 1.91 ± 0.11 on day 8th against 1.89 ± 0.10 PPM on day ‘0’ of the experiment.
However the blood Zinc values in treatment group were observed to be
1.98 ± 0.12 PPM On day 8th against 1.90 ± 0.11 on day ‘0’ of the experiment. The statistically significant rise was observed on day 8th of the experiment when compared with its day ‘0’ value and day 8th value of control group animals
Table 3 Zinc level (PPM) in blood samples of cow.
| Group | Zinc level (PPM) on day ‘o’ of the experiment | Zinc level (PPM) on day ‘8th’ of the experiment | % increase |
| Group I | 1.89 ± 0.10 | 1.91 ± 0.11 | 1.05 |
| Group II | 1.90 ± 0.11 | 1.98 ± 0.12a | 4.21m |
‘a’ represents the significant difference within the column (p<0.05),
‘m’ represents the significant difference within the rows (p<0.05.
The increase in the zinc absorption in treatment group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be 4.21 per cent as against the elevation of zinc by 1.05 per cent in control group animals.
The increase in zinc level was observed to be statistically significant indicating the positive effect of BypassAll.
3.4 Blood Magnesium level :
Table 4 summarises the mean blood Magnesium level in the experimental animals.
The blood Magnesium level in control and treatment group on day ‘0’ of the experiment was observed to be 0.15 ± 0.11 PPM and 0.16 ± 0.10 PPM respectively.
Blood Magnesium level in control group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be at par with its day ‘0’ value and the values were observed to be 0.15 ± 0.11 PPM on day 8th against 0.15 ± 0.11 PPM on day ‘0’ of the experiment.
However the blood Magnesium values in treatment group were observed to be 0.23 ± 0.13 PPM on day 8th against 0.16 ± 0.10 PPM on day ‘0’ of the experiment. The statistically significant rise was observed on day 8th of the experiment when compared with its day ‘0’ value and day 8th value of control group animals.
Table 4 Magnesium level (PPM) in blood samples of cow.
| Group | Mg level (PPM) on day ‘o’ of the experiment | Mg level (PPM) on day ‘8th’ of the experiment | % increase |
| Group I | 0.15 ± 0.11 | 0.15 ± 0.11 | 0.00 |
| Group II | 0.16 ± 0.10 | 0.23 ± 0.13a | 43.75m |
‘a’ represents the significant difference within the column (p<0.05),
‘m’ represents the significant difference within the rows (p<0.05.
The increase in the magnesium absorption in treatment group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be 43.75 per cent. No change in the absorption of magnesium in control group animals was observed and the magnesium level on both the days as ‘0’ and 8th day were observed to be at par .
The increase in magnesium level was observed to be statistically significant indicating the positive effect of BypassAll.
3.5 Blood Ferrous level :
Table 5 summarises the mean blood Ferrous level in the experimental
animals.
The blood Ferrous level in control and treatment group on day ‘0’ of the
experiment was observed to be 2.01 ± 0.20 PPM and 2.08 ± 0.20 PPM respectively.
Blood Ferrous level in control group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be slightly elevated when compared with its day ‘0’ value but the difference observed is not statistically significant and the values were observed to be 2.21 ± 0.21 PPM on day 8th against2.01 ± 0.20 PPM on day ‘0’ of the experiment.
However the blood Ferrous values in treatment group were observed to be 2.56 ± 0.22 PPM On day 8th against 2.08 ± 0.20 PPM on day ‘0’ of the
experiment. The statistically significant rise was observed on day 8th of the
experiment when compared with its day ‘0’ value and day 8th value of control group animals.
Table 5 Ferrous level (PPM) in blood samples of cow.
| Group | Fe level (PPM) on day ‘o’ of the experiment | Fe level (PPM) on day ‘8th’ of the experiment | % increase |
| Group I | 2.01 ± 0.20 | 2.21 ± 0.21 | 9.91 |
| Group II | 2.08 ± 0.20 | 2.56 ± 0.22a | 23.07m |
‘a’ represents the significant difference within the column (p<0.05),
‘m’ represents the significant difference within the rows (p<0.05.
The increase in the Ferrous absorption in treatment group animals on day 8th of the experiment was observed to be 23.07 per cent as against the elevation of Ferrous by 9.91 per cent in control group animals.
The increase in Ferrous level was observed to be statistically significant indicating the positive effect of BypassAll.
The elevation in blood copper, Cobalt, Zinc, Magnesium and Ferrous the treatment group by 21.05, 11.62, 4.21, 43.75 and 23.07 respectively may be due to higher absorption of these minerals and metals in treatment group animals. The only difference in feeding in these two groups is of BypassAll product. The mechanism of action of the product claimed by the company is it by passes the rumen developing oesophageal groove reflex leading to closer of rumino-reticular groove thus the food / medicine administered orally directly goes in reticulum thus the losses / dilution of the medicine administered after the BypassAll can be avoided.
The observations in the present investigation supports the claims of the company.
